An example of a order processing workflow that can be automated is shown above. Each node in this workflow represents a task. Tasks can depend on other tasks, like Validation requires the completion of Order Placement before it can start. Some tasks can proceed in parallel, like Inventory Check and Customer Credit Check. Tasks may be automated (Customer Credit Check for instance), or they may require manual processing. In general, a workflow could have a combination of automated and non-automated tasks.

The significant development in information and communication technologies (ICT) (e.g., Electronic Data Interchange, Internet, wireless application protocol and wireless markup language, m-business, Enterprise Resource Planning, Customer Relationship Management Systems, ...etc.) has opened up innovatory possibilities for many organizations to re-evaluate their networkability and coordination mechanisms within and across their business boundaries. Also, in the new era of digital economy, it is no longer sufficient for organizations to rely on the use of piecemeal technologies, working in isolation and super-imposed on rigid structures and systems. Furthermore, the new information-based economy requires a real departure from a functionally-based modus operandi to one which is based on agility, flexibility, responsiveness and mass customization. The effective achievement of this shift necessitates the consideration of broader aspects relating to managing strategies, relationships, processes and human resources through modern business process re-engineering and workflow management tools.